KINE 198 Chapter 1
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Introduction to Health and Fitness
Think outside of just physical health
- Health
- "A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." – World Health Organization
- A snapshot of one's current state of being (like weather)
- Wellness
- "A process of making informed choices that will lead one, over a period of time, to a healthy lifestyle that should result in a sense of well-being."
- The broad spectrum (like climate)
Dimensions of Wellness (not necessarily in order)
- Emotional (feelings)
- Intellectual (adapting to new challenges with ease)
- Social (interactions with people, both familiar and unfamiliar)
- Spiritual (values, beliefs, morals)
- Physical (exercise, eating well, absence of disease)
- Occupational (happy with work)
- Environmental (clean water, air, shelter)
- FinancialNEW (individual and societal impacts of money; starts with financial responsibility)
Changing behavior and setting goals
Factors that influence behavior change decisions
- Predisposing factors: learning that something will have an impact on your health
- Reinforcing factors: do you have the resources to get to the main goal
- Enabling factors: things that help you along the way (mini-goals, rewards, support)
Five stages of change
- precontemplation (
- contemplation (thinking about what needs to change
- preparation (gathering reinforcing factors)
- action
- maintenance (longest)
Relapse: something happened and the process has to start all over.
- re-evaluate the process
Setting Goals
- Be invested
- Pick one small goal at a time
- Specific and measurable goals
- Realistic (attainable)
- Reward yourself
- Keep a journal of the goal process
- Gain support
Prevention of Behavior Change
- Primary - doing everything possible to avoid bad health
- Secondary - testing/screening yourself
- Tertiary - getting and keeping back on track
Influential factors to personal health
- Behavior
- Heredity
- Environment
- Access to professional health care
Indicators:
- Physical activity
- obesity
- tobacco
- substance abuse
- "responsible sexual behavior"
- mental health
- injury and violence
- environmental quality
- immunization
- access to health care