CSCE 222 Chapter 1.5
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Rules of Inference
- argument
- a sequence of statements (premises) followed by a conclusion
- valid
- the conclusion (final statement of the argument) must follow from the truth of the premises
- premises
- any of the preceding statements of an argument
- fallacies
- logic errors and incorrect reasoningwithin an argument
Rule | Tautology | Name |
---|---|---|
Modus ponens | ||
Modus tollens | ||
Hypothetical syllogism | ||
Disjunctive syllogism | ||
Addition | ||
Simplification | ||
Conjunction | ||
Resolution | ||
Rules of Inference for Quantified Statements | ||
Universal instantiation | ||
Universal generalization | ||
Existential instantiation | ||
Existential generalization |
Common fallacies
- Fallacy of affirming the conclusion
- Fallacy of denying the hypothesis